Skip to Content

(Micro) Seismic Characterization of Hydraulic Fracturing

Hydraulic fracturing is the technique of increasing the productivity of reservoir by pumping fluids and particulate matter down treatment wells to stimulate fracturing in the reservoir and ultimately increase the effective permeability. For shale formations, that contain large volumes of hydrocarbons but have very low permeabilities, these programs allow for these resources to be effectively and economically produced. The fracturing process is seismogenic, generating events that are typically below moment magnitude 0 (although larger magnitude events are sometimes observed), and the industry of microseismic monitoring these stimulation programs has evolved as a way to provide feedback on both the efficiency of the stimulations but also to ensure the containment of the fracturing to the targeted formations.By recording the seismic waveforms from a number of azimuths, techniques like seismic moment tensor inversion (SMTI) can be employed to gain an understanding of the fracture network that is being activated during these treatments, and the fracture modes (tensile, shear, shear-tensile) for each event.