Precise and accurate theoretical predictions of the
properties and dynamics of dense quantum many-body systems, such as in the
early universe and in the interior of neutron stars, require exponentially large
classical computational resources (with system size), and lie beyond the
exascale computing era. As highlighted by Feynman and others, such systems may
be amenable to quantum computation, requiring polynomial-scaling quantum
resources only. The impact of quantum computing (QC) and quantum information
science (QIS) on addressing Grand Challenge problems in Nuclear and High-Energy
Physics will be discussed. While the
application of QIS and QC to the domain sciences is at its earliest stages, illustrative
examples of recent calculations that I have been involved in, through
collaborations with Oak Ridge National Laboratory and with colleagues in
Seattle, will be presented.