The recent discovery of a new particle, most likely a Higgs boson, marks a turning point in our investigation of elementary particles. I will give an overview of the discovery itself, and describe how, assuming it really is a Higgs boson, it impacts the deep questions that we face in trying to make sense of the confusing world that we inhabit. In particular, I will describe the next phase of the Large Hadron Collider program, and consider the long-term implications of what we might learn during that period.