The retrieval of sulfur dioxide (SO2) from volcanic emissions is crucial for monitoring air quality, atmospheric chemistry, and aviation safety. Spaceborne measurements play a critical role particularly for tracking large-scale volcanic plumes and can provide knowledge of the SO2 layer height. However, ground-based validation of such data products is difficult due to limited sampling of volcanic plumes. This study focuses on the use of Pandora spectra to derive vertical SO2 profiles. Pandora instruments are UV-visible spectrometers deployed worldwide and comprise the Pandonia Global Network (PGN) of instruments that are used for satellite validation and air quality studies. In this study, we aim to retrieve SO2 profiles from Pandora spectra using the DOAS technique followed by the Mexican Maxdoas Fit (MMF) optimal estimation algorithm. Upon the successful completion of the profile retrievals, we aim to validate our results by comparison to TROPOMI's SO2 layer height data product and assess any possible discrepancies. In addition to this, we perform a comparison between Pandora direct-Sun and TROPOMI total column SO2 for all PGN sites with elevated anthropogenic or volcanic SO2 levels as this has not been investigated before.
Investigating the Feasibility of Pandora SO2 Profiling of Volcanic Plumes
Host: Eylon Vakrat