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Studying Monopoles in Spin Ice at Ultra Low Temperatures

spin ice picture.jpg Some time ago (1999) a magnetic material, Dy2Ti2O7, was shown to be a magnetic analog of water ice, and thus dubbed "spin ice". Recently, theories and experiments have developed the fascinating perspective of viewing excitations within the low temperature phase of this spin ice as monopoles. I will present my group's experimental results on this system at ultralow temperatures, which freeze out many noise sources, allowing these unusual phenomena to reveal themselves. Our experiment provides an example of how ultralow temperature measurement techniques can be customized to study novel states of materials.