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Robust entanglement generation between two remote superconducting qubits

Abstract

Entangling two remote quantum systems that never interact directly is an essential primitive in quantum information science and forms the basis for the modular architecture of quantum computing. Protocols to generate remotely entangled atoms in traditional quantum optics platforms typically rely on traveling single-photon states as carriers of quantum information, and are designed to be robust to photon losses. Can such protocols be performed with microwave frequency photons, the natural carrier of quantum information in the domain of superconducting quantum circuits? While superconducting circuits have become a leading platform for quantum information science, the efficient detection of single traveling microwave photons has been challenging due to the low energy of these quanta. I will present our recent experimental realization of a novel microwave photon detector that exploits the large single photon nonlinearities accessible in the circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture. We generate with this detector a robust form of concurrent remote entanglement between two superconducting transmon qubits and achieve a fidelity of 0.57±0.01 at a rate of 200 Hz. Our experiment opens the way for the implementation of the modular architecture of quantum computation with superconducting qubits.